James Alexander Gordon - The IAFOR Research Archive

img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px}img.wp-smiley,img.emoji{display:inline !important;border:none !important;box-shadow:none !important;height:1em !important;width:1em !important;margin:0 .07em !important;vertical-align:-.1em !important;background:none !important;padding:0 !important}.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-pdfemb-pdf-embedder-viewer{max-width:none}:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square:1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3:4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4:3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2:3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3:2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9:16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16:9/16;--wp--preset--color--black:#000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,#9b51e0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4 0%,#00d082 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,#cf2e2e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee 0%,#a9b8c3 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc 0%,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec 0%,#9896f0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5 0%,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70 0%,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb 0%,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880 0%,#71ce7e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381 0%,#2874fc 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1)}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap:.5em}body .is-layout-flex{display:flex}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin:0}body .is-layout-grid{display:grid}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin:0}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap:2em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em}.has-black-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-black-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-black-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important}.has-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important}.has-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap:2em}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6}button,input[type='button'],input[type='reset'],input[type='submit'],.button,#page #infinite-handle button,#page #infinite-handle button:hover,.comment-navigation a,.drawer .tax-widget a,.su-button,h3.comments-title,.page-numbers.current,.page-numbers:hover,.woocommerce nav.woocommerce-pagination ul li span.current,.woocommerce nav.woocommerce-pagination ul li span:hover,.woocommerce nav.woocommerce-pagination ul li a:hover,a.added_to_cart,.woocommerce .widget_price_filter .ui-slider .ui-slider-handle,.woocommerce .widget_price_filter .ui-slider .ui-slider-range,.woocommerce button.button.alt,.woocommerce button.button.alt:hover,.woocommerce button.button,.woocommerce button.button:hover,.woocommerce a.button.lenscap,.woocommerce-cart .wc-proceed-to-lenscap a.lenscap-button,.woocommerce-cart .wc-proceed-to-lenscap a.lenscap-button:hover,.woocommerce input.button.alt,.woocommerce input.button.alt:hover{background-color:#7e1416}.widget-area aside .widget-title,.widget-area aside .widgettitle,.widget-area .widget-grofile h4 a,.site-footer .widget-title,.archive-header,.featured-content-title,h3.comment-reply-title,.category-menu-title,#jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-headline{border-left-color:#7e1416}.sort-list .current-menu-item{border-bottom-color:#7e1416}.index-posts .grid-cats a,.grid-cats a,li.is-active:before,li:hover:before{color:#7e1416}.main-navigation ul li.current-menu-item,.main-navigation ul li.current-page-item,.main-navigation ul li:hover{border-top-color:#7e1416}.featured-content-posts .post .grid-text,.hero-pager-wrap,.featured-content-wrapper .slide-navs a,.featured-content-wrapper .featured-content-title,.featured-content-nav{background:.6}#hero-pager .pager-tip{border-bottom-color:.6}.featured-content-wrapper{background:#272c30}.featured-content-wrapper .entry-content{float:none;width:47.5%}.cover-image{opacity:.3}.blur{-webkit-filter:blur(0px);filter:blur(0px)}.site-footer{background:#272c30}.cover-image-footer-wrap{opacity:.3;-webkit-filter:blur(0px);filter:blur(0px)}.featured-content-posts .post .container{padding-top:5%;padding-bottom:5%}.titles-wrap{position:absolute;clip-path:inset(50%)}.ssba img{padding:0 7px 2px 0 !important}div{opacity:1 !important}.site-title{color:gray !important;font-size:13.5px !important;line-height:1.2 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important;margin-top:6px !important;text-transform:none !important}#content img{max-width:100%;height:auto;float:left;padding:0 20px 20px 0}.entry-content li{margin-bottom:0 !important}input[type=checkbox]{-webkit-appearance:checkbox}.pagination{margin-top:20px}.pagination div{margin:10px}.nav-previous{float:left}.nav-next{float:left}.issuu-embed div div div:nth-child(2){display:none !important}.breadcrumbs a{padding-right:6px;display:inline}.custom-logo-link img{width:300px}.entry-byline{display:none}.author-profile{display:none}.nf-field-label label{padding-left:0 !important;font-weight:normal !important}.nf-field-element input[type=checkbox]{-webkit-appearance:checkbox}.label-right .checkbox-wrap .nf-field-label{width:95% !important}.site-header-front-page{padding:0;display:inline-block;width:100%;position:relative;z-index:40}.site-footer-front-page{background:#272c30;color:#ddd;color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);padding:0 0 4% 0;font-size:16px;display:block;width:100%;position:relative;z-index:1;overflow:hidden;margin-top:-1.6%}@media (max-width: 800px){.site-footer-front-page{padding-bottom:30px}}@media (max-width: 600px){.site-footer-front-page{font-size:15px}}.site-footer-front-page .widget-title{font-size:20px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:25px;padding:0 10px;border-left:solid 3px #1d96f3;line-height:1.2;color:#fff}@media (max-width: 800px){.site-footer-front-page .widget-title{margin-bottom:15px}}@media (max-width: 600px){.site-footer-front-page .widget-title{font-size:18px;margin-bottom:10px}}.searchandfilter ul li{list-style:none;padding-right:10px}.custom-logo-link img{margin-left:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important}.page-template-template-full-width-journalshowcase #primary{width:100%}.pagination a{border-radius:5px !important}.pagination a.active{border-radius:5px !important}.pagination{display:inline-block !important}.pagination a{color:black !important;float:left !important;padding:8px 16px !important;text-decoration:none !important}.page-numbers{padding:8px 16px !important;font-size:20px !important}.ui.comments .comment .avatar img,.ui.comments .comment img.avatar{padding:0px !important;border:none !important}.ui.wplinkpress.comments{font-size:1em !important}*,*:before,*:after{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:unset !important}.gsc-wrapper{position:relative;display:block;max-width:95% !important}