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Kimikazu Nishiyama, Kyoto University, JapanAbstract
This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the rise and fall in the number of entrance examination repeaters (ER) in South Korea. The ER phenomenon has persisted on a significant scale due to the country’s highly competitive university admission system. Drawing on Lee (1980) and other prior studies, this study employed multiple regression analysis to examine the number of ER, including variables such as the wage gap by education, youth employment rate, higher education advancement rate, and the number of high school students from national statistics. Unlike previous research, this study adopted the quantitative method. The results indicated that the wage gap by education and the number of high school students had significant impacts on the number of ER. Furthermore, the analysis was conducted across two distinct periods associated with the increase in ER: the 1970s-1980s and the 2000s-2010s. The comparative analysis highlighted shifts in the influence of key factors, suggesting the need to revise existing analytical frameworks for understanding modern trends in ER in South Korea.
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