Abstract
This study examines the evolution of higher education institutions in Indonesia from 2018 to 2022, focusing on the comparative growth of private versus public universities. Utilizing mean and standard deviation metrics, we analyze the expansion patterns across Indonesian provinces, aiming to provide policymakers with critical insights into regional educational development needs. The data, sourced from Badan Pusat Statistik, encompasses 34 provinces and covers the number of higher education institutions, lecturers, and students from both public and private universities under the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. A total of 125 public and 2,982 private universities were included, selected based on their listing by the Ministry, ensuring comprehensive coverage of institutions officially recognized by the government. The findings reveal a marked stability within public universities, in stark contrast to a notable decline in private institution numbers. Additionally, we observe significant variability in student and lecturer populations. Public universities benefit from better funding, resources, and support, leading to more stable and consistent growth. In contrast, private institutions face challenges in maintaining quality and accessibility due to limited resources and higher variability in educational outcomes. This imbalance exacerbates educational inequality, particularly in underserved regions. The study advocates for tailored policy reforms aimed at fostering educational equality. Recommendations include equitable funding distribution, improved resource allocation, and strategic planning to elevate the quality and accessibility of private education. These measures are crucial for mitigating disparities and achieving a more balanced and high-quality higher education landscape in Indonesia.
Author Information
Aileen Velishya, Monash University, Indonesia
Paper Information
Conference: SEACE2025
Stream: Higher education
This paper is part of the SEACE2025 Conference Proceedings (View)
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To cite this article:
Velishya A. (2025) Higher Education in Indonesia: A Comparative Analysis of Private vs Public Institutions (2018-2022) ISSN: 2435-5240 The Southeast Asian Conference on Education 2025: Official Conference Proceedings (pp. 35-46) https://doi.org/10.22492/issn.2435-5240.2025.4
To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.22492/issn.2435-5240.2025.4
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