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Mamiko Takeuchi, Aichigakuin University, JapanAbstract
This study investigates the factors that hinder the employment of highly educated female graduates in career-track positions in large Japanese companies. Our empirical analysis relies on the matched dataset of the Employment Handbook for New Graduates and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Company Overview published by the Japanese think tank Toyo Keizai Incorporated. The final sample size for our analysis is 651 companies. Most companies are large and listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The quantile regression analysis reveals that the proportion of existing female employees and managers has a positive effect on the employment rate of female new graduates. Conversely, the tenure of existing female employees and the proportion of Japanese overseas employees have a negative effect on the employment rate of female graduates. In other words, this result indicates that female students encounter increased barriers to entry in workplaces characterized by either longer tenures among existing female employees or a low overall female employee representation. Thus, our findings indicate that gender segregation and statistical discrimination likely persist in human resource allocation, despite some companies’ initiatives to encourage women’s progress. Consequently, we emphasize the importance of implementing measures to eliminate occupational gender segregation and promote education in career development, as well as enhancing the career support system for female students and workers. These policies are essential for fostering the careers of talented and motivated female graduates.
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