Author Information
Kaelee Brockway, Texas Woman's University, United StatesGermaine Ferreira, Baylor University, United States
Abstract
Spirometry is a simple, noninvasive test that provides objective data on lung function by identifying airflow obstruction and abnormalities. It has proven value in primary care for improving the detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and identifying individuals at increased risk of lung cancer, yet it remains underutilized in rehabilitation education.
This scoping review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, screening major health databases from 2000–2024 for studies on spirometry use in screening, diagnosis, disease monitoring, and outcomes relevant to rehabilitation practice. Twenty-three articles met inclusion criteria, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and systematic reviews. Results indicated that spirometry performed during lung cancer screening frequently identified previously undiagnosed COPD, often at earlier stages when intervention is most effective. Evidence also demonstrated its utility in monitoring post-transplant rejection, predicting exacerbations in COPD, and guiding adherence to pharmacological and rehabilitative interventions. Furthermore, integration of spirometry into routine care influenced clinical decision-making and improved patient-reported outcomes in both pediatric and adult populations. Despite these benefits, barriers remain, including clinician knowledge gaps, diagnostic inaccuracy, and inconsistent application of guideline-based care.
Conclusion: Strong evidence supports incorporating spirometry training into Doctor of Physical Therapy curricula. Educating students on the application of spirometry for high-risk groups and patients with respiratory complaints has the potential to enhance early recognition of respiratory pathology, reduce diagnostic delays, and improve long-term respiratory health outcomes.
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