Abstract
Introduction: Malnutrition can worsen clinical outcomes in older patients, underlying the importance of using a screening tool to detect patients at risk. We evaluated the association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and mortality in elderly patients with COVID-19 infection.
Methods: We evaluated 241 patients aged ≥65y who were admitted with COVID-19 infection to the Toronto General Hospital, Ontario, Canada, between March 2019, and May 2022. Demographic data, BMI, laboratory results, and comorbidities were extracted, and GNRI was calculated as 1.489×serum albumin+41.7×present weight/ideal weight. Logistic regression was conducted to find the odds ratio of mortality for the GNRI groups. Chi-square test was applied to test the dependency between GNRI, mortality and BMI.
Results: From the 241 evaluated patients, 145 (median 79.3; range or quartiles year) had complete longitudinal data collected. The patients were categorized into three groups: severe to moderate risk (GNRI 98, 84 patients). The underweight patients were more likely to fall into the GNRI 98 group. The odds of mortality was 3.4 (95% CI=1.33-8.92) higher in the GNRI 98 group.
Conclusions: GNRI is associated with BMI and mortality in older patients with COVID-19 infection. In this patient population, it may be a useful screening tool to detect patients at risk for malnutrition and higher mortality. This may assist in providing appropriate
Author Information
Sana Mohseni, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Canada
Sanambar Sadighi, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Canada
Johane Allard, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Amir Sabet, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Canada
Mohammad Ali Shafiee, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Canada
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